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  • ICNC Glossary of Key Terms - Kyrgyz

ICNC Glossary of Key Terms - Kyrgyz

The first step in creating high-quality translations in the field of civil resistance is translating key terms.

Initially, we developed a list of 91 key terms that had specific meaning in the field of civil resistance and worked with translators to translate these terms. We have subsequently expanded this list to 159 terms, and ICNC President Hardy Merriman and ICNC Senior Advisor Nicola Barrach have produced a glossary (to be published in 2019) that defines each of these terms and provides commentary on each and examples of usage.

You can see standardized translations of key terms in Kyrgyz below.
 


English Kyrgyz Comments
1 Accommodation
(as a result of civil resistance)
2 Accommodate
(as a result of civil resistance)
3 Accountability Жоопкерчиликтүү болуу
4 Activist Активист Активист
5 Adversary
6 Agency
(human agency)
Агентство Агентсвтво
7 Agent provocateur
8 Ally
(verb)
9 Ally
(noun)
10 Alternative institutions Алтернативлдүү институттар Алтернативные институты
11 Authoritarian rule Авторитеттик бийлик
12 Authority Бийлик
13 Backlash Ылайыктуу жооп кайтаруу
14 Backfire
(verb)
When a plan or action rebounds adversely on the originator; has the opposite effect to what was intended.
15 Backfire
(noun)
16 Banners Банерлер
17 Blockade
(associated with civil resistance)
(noun)
Тосмо
18 Blockade
(associated with civil resistance)
(verb)
19 Boycott
(noun)
Бойкот Бойкот
20 Boycott
(verb)
21 Campaigns
(associated with civil resistance)
(noun)
Маалымат акциялары Акции
22 Campaign
(verb)
23 Capacity Жөндөмдүүлүк, Билим деңгээл
24 Civil disobedience Жарандык баш тартуу
25 Civil resistance Жарандык баш тартуу
26 Civil society Жарандык коом
27 Civilian-based defense
28 Coalition
29 Commission,
tactic(s) or act(s) of
30 Concentration,
tactic(s) of
31 Conditions
32 Consent Макулдук
33 Consent
(political)
(verb)
34 Conflict
(noun)
Чыр-чатак
35 Constructive programme
(or “constructive program”)
36 Conversion
37 Coup d’etat
(or “coup”)
төңкөрүш A coup d’Etat is a rapid seizure of physical and political control of the state apparatus by illegal action of a conspiratorial group backed by the threat or use of violence
38 Crackdown
(noun)
Катуу чара көрүү Severe measures (usually by the state authority) to restrict or discourage undesirable or illegal people or behavior.
39 Crackdown
(verb)
40 Defect
(associated with civil resistance)
(verb)
41 Defection Conscious abandonment of allegiance or duty (as to a person, cause, or doctrine), possibly in favor of an opposing one
42 Demonstration
43 Dictatorship Диктаторлук
44 Dilemma action
45 Direct action
46 Disintegration
(associated with civil resistance)
47 Dispersion, tactics of
48 Disrupt
49 Dissent
(noun)
50 Dissident Оппозиция A person who is thought and actions has contrary opinions to those of the political society in which he or she lives. This terms was widely used for individuals and groups who opposed Communist Party regimes in the Soviet Union and other Communist countries.
51 Disruption Тоскоол болуу / үзгултүккө учуратуу
52 Dynamics Динамика
53 Empower
54 Empowerment
55 Escalate
(in conflict)
(verb)
56 Escalation
(in conflict)
(noun)
57 External actor
58 External support Тышкы колдоо/жардам
59 Failure
(associated with civil resistance)
60 Frame
(communication)
(verb)
61 Frame
(communication)
(noun)
62 Freedom
(political)
(Саясий)
эркиндик
63 Freedom of Assembly
64 Freedom of Association
65 Freedom of Speech
(or freedom of expression)
Сөз эркиндиги
66 Goal
67 Grassroots
(Adjective)
жергиликтүү эл
68 Grassroots
(noun)
69 Grand strategy чоң стратегия
70 Grievances Өч алуу
71 Human rights defender
(HRD)
72 Leadership
73 Legitimacy Мыйзамдуу болуу
74 Loyalty shift
75 Mass demonstration Массалык нааразычыкка чыгуу
76 Mechanisms of change
77 Methods of nonviolent action Чыр-чатаксыз акцияну өткөрүүнүн ыкмасы Марш
78 Marches Марш басуу Мобилиизация
79 Mobilization
80 Mobilizing Мобилизациялоо
81 Movement Кыймыл / Жүрүш
82 Non-state actor
83 Nonviolent
(or non-violent)
Зомбулуксуз
84 Noncooperation Кызматташуудан баш тартуу
85 Nonviolent action Зомбулуксуз кыймыл аракет A mechanism of change in nonviolent action in which demands are achieved against the will of the opponents because effective control of the situation has been taken away from them by widespread noncooperation and defiance. However, the opponents still remain in their official positions and the system has not yet disintegrated.
86 Nonviolent coercion Зомбулуксуз күрөшүүгө көндүрүү
87 Nonviolent conflict Зомбулуксуз чыр-чатак (конфликт)
88 Nonviolent direct action
89 Nonviolent discipline Зомбулуксуз тартип Beliefs and behavior of several types in which violent acts are prohibited on religious or ethical grounds. In some belief systems, not only physical violence is barred but also hostile thoughts and words. Certain belief systems additionally enjoin positive attitudes and behavior toward opponents, or even a rejection of the concept of opponents. Such believers often may participate in nonviolent struggles with people practicing nonviolent struggle for pragmatic reasons, or may choose not to do so.
90 Nonviolence
(religious, ethical, etc.)
Зомбулуксуз
(диний, этикалык ж.б.)
91 Nonviolent intervention Зомбулуксуз кийлигишүү The waging of determined conflict by strong forms of nonviolent action, especially against determined and resourceful opponents who may respond with repression.
92 Nonviolent struggle Зомбулуксуз согушуу
93 Obedience Баш ийүү
94 Obey
95 Objective
(noun)
96 Omission,
act(s) or tactic(s) of
97 Opponents Опонент
98 Opposition groups Опозициядагы топ
99 Organizer Уюштуруучу
100 Parallel institution
101 People of support
102 Pillars of support Жөлөк колдоо
103 Plan
(noun)
104 Plan
(verb)
105 Political defiance Саясий баш ийбөө
106 Political ju-jitsu A special process that may operate during a nonviolent struggle to change power relationships. In political jiu-jitsu negative reactions to the opponents’ violent repression against nonviolent resisters are turned to operate politically against the opponents, weakening their power position and strengthening that of the nonviolent resisters. This can operate only when violent repression is met with continued nonviolent defiance, not violence or surrender. The opponents’ repression is then seen in the worst possible light. Resulting shifts of opinion are likely to occur among third parties, the general grievance group, and even the opponents’ usual supporters. Those shifts may produce both withdrawals of support for the opponents and increased support for the nonviolent resisters. The result may be widespread condemnation of the opponents, internal opposition among the opponents, and increased resistance. These changes can at times produce major shifts in power relationships in favor of the nonviolent struggle group.
107 Political noncooperation Саясий кызматташуудан баш тартуу
108 Political power Саясий бийлик
109 People power Элдик бийлик
110 Power
111 Power holder
112 Planning Пландоо прагматический
113 Pragmatic nonviolence Прагматикалык
114 Protest Каршы болуу / каршы чыгуу
115 Protest
(Noun)
116 Protest
(verb)
117 Resistance movement Каршылык көрсөтүү кыймылы Репрессия
118 Repress
119 Repression Репрессия
120 Resilience Калыбына келүү Санкции
121 Revolution
(social, political, or economic)
122 Sanctions Санкциялар
123 Self-determination
124 Self-organize
125 Self-organization Жекече уюштуруу
126 Self-reliance Өз күчүнө ишенүү
127 Skills
(in civil resistance context)
Жөндөмдүүлү
128 Sources of power Бийликтин булактары
129 Strategic nonviolent struggle Стратегиялык зомбулуксуз күрөшүү
130 Semi-authoritarian rule
131 Self-rule Өзүн-өзү башкаруу “The physical occupation of certain facilities by persons engaging in nonviolent intervention by sitting on available chairs, stools, and occasionally on the floor, for a limited or indefinite time. This method may be applied as a single actor as a series of acts. The objective may be to disrupt the normal activities of those normally using the facilities. The purpose may also be to establish a new social pattern, such as opening the particular facilities (such as lunch counters) to previously excluded persons. This was a widely publicized method in the U.S. civil rights movement. The aim may also be to protest about an issue that is not directly connected with the facilities occupied.”
132 Sit-in
133 Student Strikes Студенттик пикет Стратегический план
134 Strategic plan Стратегиялык план Стратегия
135 Strategize
136 Strategy Стратегия
137 Strike
(noun)
Козголоң
138 Strike
(associated with civil resistance)
(verb)
139 Structural conditions
(see also conditions)
Структуралык шарттар
140 Success Ийгилик
141 Tactic Тактика An act of civil resistance in which a person or group performs acts which they usually do not perform, are not expected by custom to perform, or are forbidden by law or regulation from performing
142 Tactical innovation
143 Tactics of commission
144 Tactics of concentration
(see also Concenration, tactics of)
Көңул буруу тактикасы
145 Tactics of dispersion
(see also Dispersion, tactics of)
Жайылтуу тактикасы A tactic of nonviolent action in which participants refuse to engage in behavior or take actions perform acts thatwhich they usually perform, are expected by custom to perform, or are required by law or regulation to perform.
146 Tactics of omission Чыгаруу тактикасы
147 Tactical sequencing Ирээтөө тактикасы Тренинг
148 Third party
(or “third-party”)
149 Train
150 Training Тренинг
151 Unarmed Insurrection Куралсыз көтөрүлүш
152 Unite
153 Unity Биримдик
154 Uprising Көтөрүлүш
155 Violence
156 Violent Flank
157 Vision
(of a civil resistance movement)
Келечекке баа берүү
158 Walk-out
(or “walkout”)
(noun)
159 Walk-out
(verb)

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